THE USING OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF MINERALS IN POULTRY FEEDING
Abstract
The efficiency of the minerals’ using is one of the most important question in the modern poultry feeding. Micronutrients are required for many metabolic processes. The increase of their absorption improves the supply of minerals in the body's cells. This affects on the growth and division of cells, histogenesis and tissue’s integrity, immune function, reproduction, regulation of oxidative processes. The deficiency of minerals leads to an immune dysfunction, an oxidative stress, decrease of reproduction and growth rate. For a long time the inorganic forms of minerals prevailed in the poultry feeding. The definitions of the poultry’s needs in minerals from organic sources were carried out in the extensive researches since 2003. The purpose of this work was the generalization of the modern data about the using of different forms of minerals in the poultry feeding. The article examines the efficiency of the using of inorganic and organic sources of zinc, copper, manganese in the poultry feeding. The influence of different forms of micronutrients on their bioavailability, metabolism, growth rate, egg and meat production, reproductive function and health of the poultry was analyzed. Own research showed that supplements of zinc sulphat increased the productivity of hens and the hatching eggs’ quality. The introduction of the copper’s mineral salts to the turkeys’ food increases the eggs’ production and a fertilization of eggs. The bioavailability and the efficiency of organic sources of zinc, manganese and copper exceeds widely used inorganic forms of these elements. The high bioavailability of minerals’ chelate forms is conditioned by the increase of passive adsorption, solubility, ability to penetrate cell membranes and to pass intact through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. The low levels of organic forms of micronutrients may be used without negative effects on the growth rate, eggs’ production, quality of eggs, poultry metabolism and health. The using minerals proteins instead of minerals improve the quality of chickens, laying hens’ productivity and the growth rate of broiler chickens. This reduces the antagonism between micronutrients, the phytases’ negative influence, increases minerals’ reserves in tissues and decreases their entering into the environment.Downloads
References
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