TY - JOUR AU - L. Kovalenko PY - 2018/06/26 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - The state of innate immunity of sheep in case of experimental lymphocytic leukemia and the use of means for its specific prevention JF - Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine JA - TAVM VL - 6 IS - 2 SE - Articles DO - UR - https://bulletin-biosafety.com/index.php/journal/article/view/177 AB - In ensuring the animal health under the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, the role of immune system, the primary elements of which are the factors of innate (non-specific) immunity, is very important. The aim of the research was to determine the peculiarities of the state of innate immunity of sheep in case of experimental leukemia infection and immunization with “Profileik-3” vaccine against bovine leukemia and a specific oligo-nucleoprotein with activity of the transfer factor (SOTF). The experiment was conducted on 24 sheep (4 groups, 6 animals in each group). Sheep of the first group №1 were infected with bovine leukemia agent (BLV). Animals of the second group were inoculated with SOTF, SOTF and the vaccine, and the vaccine at intervals of 3 and 7 days, respectively, animals of the third group were vaccinated twice at interval of 7 days. Animals of the fourth group (control group) were injected 0.9% NaCl solution according to the same procedure. On the 101st day of the experiment, sheep of groups №2 and №3 were infected with BLV. The trial period was 184 days. The material for study was stabilized blood and blood serum, which were studied using conventional microscopic, spectrophotometric, immunoassay and serological methods. It has been found that in the initial stages of the leukemic process there is a fluctuation in the number of leukocytes, and the maximum increase of this index by 27,1% compared to the control group has been noted at the end of the experiment, and the most acute increase in the activity of phagocytosis has been determined on day 50 and 87. The maximum increase in the concentration of globulins by 50.2% was found on the 20th day after infection with BLV. The functioning patterns of the humoral and cellular components of innate immunity when using “Profileik-3” vaccine against leukemia separately and in the complex with SOTF have been characterized. There have been determined the dynamic changes in the level of leukocytes, globulins and mediators of the immune response (circulating immune complexes and seromucoids) under the influence of drugs. A positive effect on SOTF on phagocytic activity of neutrophils, which indicators increased by 17,2–34,5% compared to control group, has been discovered. The most acute changes caused by SOTF were in the intensity of production of cytokines. While in animals of group №2 the level of IL-1 maximally exceeded the control parameters by 91.0%, and IF-γ by 2 times, then when using only vaccine exceeded the limits by 39.7% and 48.2% respectively. An active compensatory reaction of the antioxidant defense system on activation of lipid peroxidation in infected with BLV and vaccinated animals has been also revealed. Thus, it has been proved that the course of the infectious and post-vaccination processes of experimental lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by dynamic changes in the state of humoral and cellular factors of innate immunity. The use of a specific transfer factor allows to prevent the development of pathoimmunobiochemic disorders and to activate the cell-mediated link of non-specific resistance of the organism of experimental animals during vaccination. It is promising to use the methodology for the examination of the dynamics of innate immunity in the study of the pathogenesis of other infectious animal diseases and the development of their prophylactic vaccination. ER -